LPIC-305 Objectives V3.0(JA)

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はじめに

これは、LPIC-3 認定試験に必要な項目です。

バージョン情報

この試験範囲は、バージョン3.0です。

この試験は305試験のバージョン2.0を分割してできました。

304試験バージョン2.0から3.0への、試験範囲の変更点の詳細は、 こちらにあります。

バージョン 2.xの試験範囲はこちらにあります。

試験範囲の翻訳

このwikiに、以下の試験範囲の翻訳があります:


試験範囲

課題 351: Full Virtualization

351.1 仮想化の概念と理論 (総重量: 6)

総重量 6
説明 仮想化の一般的な概念・理論・専門用語を知っていて、理解している必要があります。これには、Xen,QEMU,libvirtの専門用語も含まれます。

主な知識分野:

  • 仮想化の専門用語の理解
  • 仮想化の長所と短所の理解
  • 様々な種類のハイパーバイザーと仮想マシンモニタの理解
  • 物理マシンと仮想マシンのマイグレーションの、主な観点の理解
  • ホストシステム間での、仮想マシンのマイグレーションの、主な観点の理解
  • スナップショット・一時停止・クローン作成・リソース制限などの、仮想マシンに対する仮想化の影響と機能を理解する。
  • oVirt, Proxmox, systemd-machined, VirtualBoxの知識
  • Open vSwitchの知識

用語とユーティリティ:

  • ハイパーバイザー
  • ハードウエア仮想マシン (HVM)
  • 準仮想化(PV: Paravirtualization)
  • エミュレーションとシミュレーション
  • CPU フラグ
  • /proc/cpuinfo
  • マイグレーション (P2V, V2V)


351.2 Xen (総重量: 3)

総重量 3
説明 Xenをインストール・設定・管理・マイグレーション・トラブルシューティングすることができる。対象は、Xenのバージョン4.x。

主な知識分野:

  • ネットワークとストレージを含む、Xenの構造を理解する。
  • Xenノードとドメインの設定を理解する。
  • Xenノードとドメインを管理する。
  • Xenインストールのトラブルシュート。
  • XAPIの知識
  • XenStoreの知識
  • Xen Boot Parameterの知識
  • xmユーティリティの知識

用語とユーティリティ:

  • Domain0 (Dom0), DomainU (DomU)
  • PV-DomU, HVM-DomU
  • /etc/xen/
  • xl
  • xl.cfg
  • xl.conf
  • xentop


351.3 QEMU (総重量: 4)

総重量 4
説明 Candidates should be able to install, configure, maintain, migrate and troubleshoot QEMU installations.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand the architecture of QEMU, including KVM, networking and storage
  • Start QEMU instances from the command line
  • Manage snapshots using the QEMU monitor
  • Install the QEMU Guest Agent and VirtIO device drivers
  • Troubleshoot QEMU installations, including networking and storage
  • Awareness of important QEMU configuration parameters

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • Kernel modules: kvm, kvm-intel and kvm-amd
  • /dev/kvm
  • QEMU monitor
  • qemu
  • qemu-system-x86_64
  • ip
  • brctl
  • tunctl


351.4 Libvirt Virtual Machine Management (総重量: 9)

総重量 9
説明 Candidates should be able to manage virtualization hosts and virtual machines (‘libvirt domains’) using libvirt and related tools.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand the architecture of libvirt
  • Manage libvirt connections and nodes
  • Create and manage QEMU and Xen domains, including snapshots
  • Manage and analyze resource consumption of domains
  • Create and manage storage pools and volumes
  • Create and manage virtual networks
  • Migrate domains between nodes
  • Understand how libvirt interacts with Xen and QEMU
  • Understand how libvirt interacts with network services such as dnsmasq and radvd
  • Understand libvirt XML configuration files
  • Awareness of virtlogd and virtlockd

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • libvirtd
  • /etc/libvirt/
  • virsh (including relevant subcommands)


351.5 Virtual Machine Disk Image Management (総重量: 3)

総重量 3
説明 Candidates should be able to manage virtual machines disk images. This includes converting disk images between various formats and hypervisors and accessing data stored within an image.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand features of various virtual disk image formats, such as raw images, qcow2 and VMDK
  • Manage virtual machine disk images using qemu-img
  • Mount partitions and access files contained in virtual machine disk images using libguestfish
  • Copy physical disk content to a virtual machine disk image
  • Migrate disk content between various virtual machine disk image formats
  • Awareness of Open Virtualization Format (OVF)

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • qemu-img
  • guestfish (including relevant subcommands)
  • guestmount
  • guestumount
  • virt-cat
  • virt-copy-in
  • virt-copy-out
  • virt-diff
  • virt-inspector
  • virt-filesystems
  • virt-rescue
  • virt-df
  • virt-resize
  • virt-sparsify
  • virt-p2v
  • virt-p2v-make-disk
  • virt-v2v
  • virt-sysprep


課題 352: Container Virtualization

352.1 Container Virtualization Concepts (総重量: 7)

総重量 7
説明 Candidates should understand the concept of container virtualization. This includes understanding the Linux components used to implement container virtualization as well as using standard Linux tools to troubleshoot these components.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand the concepts of system and application container
  • Understand and analyze kernel namespaces
  • Understand and analyze control groups
  • Understand and analyze capabilities
  • Understand the role of seccomp, SELinux and AppArmor for container virtualization
  • Understand how LXC and Docker leverage namespaces, cgroups, capabilities, seccomp and MAC
  • Understand the principle of runc
  • Understand the principle of CRI-O and containerd
  • Awareness of the OCI runtime and image specifications
  • Awareness of the Kubernetes Container Runtime Interface (CRI)
  • Awareness of podman, buildah and skopeo
  • Awareness of other container virtualization approaches in Linux and other free operating systems, such as rkt, OpenVZ, systemd-nspawn or BSD Jails

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • nsenter
  • unshare
  • ip (including relevant subcommands)
  • capsh
  • /sys/fs/cgroups
  • /proc/[0-9]+/ns
  • /proc/[0-9]+/status


352.2 LXC (総重量: 6)

総重量 6
説明 Candidates should be able to use system containers using LXC and LXD. The version of LXC covered is 3.0 or higher.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand the architecture of LXC and LXD
  • Manage LXC containers based on existing images using LXD, including networking and storage
  • Configure LXC container properties
  • Limit LXC container resource usage
  • Use LXD profiles
  • Understand LXC images
  • Awareness of traditional LXC tools

Partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • lxd
  • lxc (including relevant subcommands)


352.3 Docker (総重量: 9)

総重量 9
説明 Candidate should be able to manage Docker nodes and Docker containers. This include understand the architecture of Docker as well as understanding how Docker interacts with the node’s Linux system.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand the architecture and components of Docker
  • Manage Docker containers by using images from a Docker registry
  • Understand and manage images and volumes for Docker containers
  • Understand and manage logging for Docker containers
  • Understand and manage networking for Docker
  • Use Dockerfiles to create container images
  • Run a Docker registry using the registry Docker image

Partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • dockerd
  • /etc/docker/daemon.json
  • /var/lib/docker/
  • docker
  • Dockerfile


352.4 Container Orchestration Platforms (総重量: 3)

総重量 3
説明 Candidates should understand the importance of container orchestration and the key concepts Docker Swarm and Kubernetes provide to implement container orchestration.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand the relevance of container orchestration
  • Understand the key concepts of Docker Compose and Docker Swarm
  • Understand the key concepts of Kubernetes and Helm
  • Awareness of OpenShift, Rancher and Mesosphere DC/OS



課題 353: VM Deployment and Provisioning

353.1 Cloud Management Tools (総重量: 2)

総重量 2
Description Candidates should understand common offerings in public clouds and have basic feature knowledge of commonly available cloud management tools.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand common offerings in public clouds
  • Basic feature knowledge of OpenStack
  • Basic feature knowledge of Terraform
  • Awareness of CloudStack, Eucalyptus and OpenNebula

Partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • IaaS, PaaS, SaaS
  • OpenStack
  • Terraform


353.2 Packer (総重量: 2)

総重量 2
Description Candidates should be able to use Packer to create system images. This includes running Packer in various public and private cloud environments as well as building container images for LXC/LXD.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand the functionality and features of Packer
  • Create and maintain template files
  • Build images from template files using different builders

Partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • packer


353.3 cloud-init (総重量: 3)

総重量 3
説明 Candidates should able to use cloud-init to configure virtual machines created from standardized images. This includes adjusting virtual machines to match their available hardware resources, specifically, disk space and volumes. Additionally, candidates should be able to configure instances to allow secure SSH logins and install a specific set of software packages. Furthermore, candidates should be able to create new system images with cloud-init support.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understanding the features and concepts of cloud-init, including user-data, initializing and configuring cloud-init
  • Use cloud-init to create, resize and mount file systems, configure user accounts, including login credentials such as SSH keys and install software packages from the distribution’s repository
  • Integrate cloud-init into system images
  • Use config drive datasource for testing

Partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • cloud-init
  • user-data
  • /var/lib/cloud/


353.4 Vagrant (総重量: 3)

総重量 3
説明 Candidate should be able to use Vagrant to manage virtual machines, including provisioning of the virtual machine.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand Vagrant architecture and concepts, including storage and networking
  • Retrieve and use boxes from Atlas
  • Create and run Vagrantfiles
  • Access Vagrant virtual machines
  • Share and synchronize folder between a Vagrant virtual machine and the host system
  • Understand Vagrant provisioning, i.e. File and Shell provisioners
  • Understand multi-machine setup

Partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • vagrant
  • Vagrantfile



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