LPIC-1 Summary Version 4.0 To 5.0

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Purpose

This document is meant to provide a higher level overview into what has changed with the objectives update for LPIC-1 exams.

The exams that are affect by this update are LPIC-1 (101 and 102) exams.

Summary

Version 5.0 of LPIC-1 contains the following changes in order to reflect the state of recent Linux distributions:

In addition, several editorial changes as well as additions and clarifications on the awareness level were made.

Changes in Exam 101

The following changes constitute the update of exam 101 from version 4.0 to version 5.0:

  • 101: System Architecture
    • 101.1 Determine and configure hardware settings
      • Removed 'Configure systems with or without external peripherals such as keyboards.'
      • Removed 'Know the differences between coldplug and hotplug devices.'
    • 101.2 Boot the system
      • Added coverage of UEFI (equal to BIOS coverage) and journalctl (with respect to boot events)
    • 101.3 Change runlevels / boot targets and shutdown or reboot system
      • Added awareness of acpid
  • 102: Linux Installation and Package Management
    • 102.1 Design hard disk layout
      • Added EFI System Partition (ESP)
    • 102.2 Install a boot manager
      • (no changes)
    • 102.3 Manage shared libraries
      • (no changes)
    • 102.4 Use Debian package management
      • Removed aptitude
      • Added awareness of apt.
    • 102.5 Use RPM and YUM package management
      • Removed yumdownloader
      • Added Zypper (equal to YUM)
      • Added awareness of dnf
    • 102.6 Linux as a virtualization guest
      • New objective (weight: 1)
      • Added specialties of running Linux in a virtual machines and containers on premise and in the cloud
  • 103: GNU and Unix Commands
    • 103.1 Work on the command line
      • Added quoting
      • Added type and which
    • 103.2 Process text streams using filters
      • Decreased weight from 3 to 2
      • Removed expand, fmt, join, pr and unexpand
      • Added bzcat, md5sum, sha256sum, sha512sum, xzcat and zcat
    • 103.3 Perform basic file management
      • Added bunzip2 and unxz
    • 103.4 Use streams, pipes and redirects
      • (no changes)
    • 103.5 Create, monitor and kill processes
      • Added watch and tmux
    • 103.6 Modify process execution priorities
      • (no changes)
    • 103.7 Search text files using regular expressions
      • Increased weight from 2 to 3
      • Added understanding of the differences between basic and extended regular expressions
      • Added understanding of the concepts of special characters, character classes, quantifiers and anchors
      • Added use of regular expressions to delete, change and substitute text
    • 103.8 Basic file editing
      • Renamed from 'Perform basic file editing operations using vi' to ' Basic file editing'
      • Clarified wording of 'Understand and use vi modes.'
      • Removed vi commands c and :e!
      • Added awareness of other common editors (Emacs, nano and vim) and setting the default editor (EDITOR environment variable)
  • 104: Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
    • 104.1 Create partitions and filesystems
      • Removed awareness of ReiserFS
      • Added GPT partition tables
      • Added exFAT
      • Changed awareness of Btrfs to 'Basic feature knowledge of Btrfs, including multi-device filesystems, compression and subvolumes.'
    • 104.2 Maintain the integrity of filesystems
      • Removed debugfs and dumpe2fs
      • Changed 'XFS tools (such as xfs_metadump and xfs_info)' to coverage of xfs_repair, xfs_fsr and xfs_db
    • 104.3 Control mounting and unmounting of filesystems
      • Added use of labels and UUIDs for identifying and mounting file systems
      • Added awareness of systemd mount units
      • Added blkid and lsblk
    • 104.4 Manage disk quotas
      • Removed objective (former weight: 1)
    • 104.5 Manage file permissions and ownership
      • (no changes)
    • 104.6 Create and change hard and symbolic links
      • (no changes)
    • 104.7 Find system files and place files in the correct location
      • (no changes)

Changes in Exam 102

The following changes constitute the update of exam 102 from version 4.0 to version 5.0:

  • 105: Shells and Shell Scripting
    • Renamed from 'Shells, Scripting and Data Management' to 'Shells and Shell Scripting'
    • 105.1 Customize and use the shell environment
      • Removed lists
    • 105.2 Customize or write simple scripts
      • Added execution of chained commands
      • Added && and ||
    • 105.3 SQL data management
      • Removed objective (former weight: 2)
  • 106: User Interfaces and Desktops
    • 106.1 Install and configure X11
      • Removed verifying that the video card and monitor are supported by an X server
      • Removed awareness of the X font server
      • Removed xwininfo
      • Removed xpdyinfo
      • Added understanding of the X11 architecture
      • Added overwriting specific aspects of Xorg configuration, such as keyboard layout
      • Added understanding of the components of desktop environments, such as display managers and window managers
      • Added managing access to the X server and display applications on remote X servers
      • Added awareness of Wayland.
      • Added /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/
      • Added ~/.xsession-errors
      • Added xauth
    • 106.2 Graphical Desktops
      • Removed old content (configuration of display managers / LightDM)
      • Changed to cover awareness of major desktop environments and protocols to access remote desktop sessions
      • Added KDE, Gnome, Xfce, X11, XDMCP, VNC, Spice and RDP
    • 106.3 Accessibility
      • Removed Basic knowledge of keyboard accessibility settings (AccessX)
      • Removed Orca, GOK and emacspeak
      • Added voice recognition
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